संसदीय व्यवस्था आणि गांधीजी


A must read. 
Editorial article in Maharashtra Times, 2nd Oct. 


श्रीपाद कोठे 

संसद सर्वोच्च की अन्य एखादी व्यवस्था या वादाबाबत म. गांधींनी संसदीय पद्धतीविषयी काही इशारे दिलेले दिसतात. भारतातील संसदीय व्यवस्थेला ६६ वर्षे पूर्ण झाल्यानंतरही त्यातील कानामात्राही बदलावा असे आपल्याला वाटू नये इतके विलक्षण द्रष्टेपण गांधीजींच्या या विश्लेषणात पाहायला मिळते. 

अण्णा हजारे व रामदेवबाबा या नावांनी आणि त्यांच्या आंदोलनांनी देशात खळबळ निर्माण केली होती. गेल्या काही वर्षात सामाजिक आंदोलनातून न दिसणारा युवा वर्ग ,संपन्न वर्ग देखील यात सहभागी झाला होता. रूढ अर्थाने पददलित समजला जाणारा वर्गही यात स्वत:ची ती पारंपरिक ओळख दूर ठेवून देशाचा एक नागरिक म्हणून सहभागी झाला होता. या आंदोलनांनी अनेक चर्चा वाद जन्माला घातले. त्यातील एक महत्वाचा आणि मूलभूत वाद म्हणजे संसद सर्वोच्च की अन्य एखादी व्यवस्था. काही वर्षांपूर्वी न्यायालये सक्रिय झाली तेव्हाही ही चर्चा सुरू झाली होती. पण लोकशाहीच्या दोन स्तंभांमधीलच हा वाद असल्याने ते पेल्यातील वादळ ठरले. खरे तर लोकशाहीच्या चार स्तंभांची ही कल्पना कोणाची ती कशी रुजली माहीत नाही पण चार स्तंभांचा विचार करताना मूळ जन स्तंभाची मात्र उपेक्षा होत होती. जनता हाच खरे तर मूळ स्तंभ आहे आणि अन्य सारे स्तंभ त्यावरच उभारले जायला हवेत याचा विसर पडला होता. 
या पार्श्वभूमीवर अनेक मूलभूत गोष्टींचा विचार होण्याची गरज आहे. या दृष्टीने संसदेबद्दलचे गांधीजींचे मत काय होते हे समजून घेणे उपयुक्त ठरेल. सुमारे १०४ वर्षांपूर्वी म्हणजे १९०९ साली गांधीजींनी आपल्या हिंद स्वराज या पुस्तकात संसदीय पद्धतीविषयी आपली स्पष्ट मते मांडलेली आहेत. त्यावेळी भारत पारतंत्र्यात होता. येथे कोणतीही व्यवस्था नव्हती. पण इंग्रजी राजवटीमुळे त्यांच्या व्यवस्थांविषयी सुप्त आकर्षण भारतीयांच्या मनात निर्माण झाले होते. त्यातीलच एक होते इंग्लंडचे पार्लमेंट. 

इंग्लंडमधील संसदेविषयी गांधीजी म्हणतात , ' तुम्ही ज्याला पार्लमेंटची माता म्हणता ते इंग्लंडचे पार्लमेंट वांझोटे आहे आणि वेश्या आहे. आजपर्यंत पार्लमेंटने आपण होऊन एक सुद्धा चांगले काम केलेले नाही. त्याच्यावर बाहेरून दडपण आणणारे कोणी नसेल तर ते काहीच करणार नाही. सभासद पगार न घेता म्हणजेच लोककल्याणाकरिता तेथे जातात असे झाले पाहिजे. लोक स्वत: शिक्षित म्हटले जातात. तेव्हा ते चूक करणार नाहीत असे आपण समजले पाहिजे. अशा पार्लमेंटकडे अर्ज पाठवण्याचे काय कारण त्यावर दडपण आणण्याचे काय कारण त्या पार्लमेंटचे काम इतके सरळ असले पाहिजे की दिवसेंदिवस त्याचे तेज अधिकाधिक पडावे आणि लोकांवर त्याचा परिणाम होत जावा. त्याच्याऐवजी एवढे सर्वच जण मान्य करतात की पार्लमेंटचे सभासद दांभिक आणि स्वार्थी आढळतात. प्रत्येक जण आपल्या पोळीवर तूप ओढून घेतो. केवळ भीतीमुळेच पार्लमेंट काही काम करते. आज केले ते उद्या रद्द करावे लागते. एकही गोष्ट आजपर्यंत पार्लमेंटने निकालात काढली आहे असे उदहारण आढळत नाही. मोठ्या प्रश्नांची चर्चा पार्लमेंटात चालू असेल तर त्यावेळी सभासद हातपाय ताणून बसतात किंवा बसल्या बसल्या डुलक्या घेतात. त्या पार्लमेंटात सभासद असा आरडाओरडा करतात की ऐकणारे त्रस्त होऊन जातात. एक महान लेखक कार्लाइल याने त्याला जगाचा बडबडखाना ' ( अ टॉकिंग शॉप ऑफ द वर्ल्ड) असे नाव दिले आहे. सभासद ज्या पक्षाचे असतील त्या पक्षाला विचार न करता मत देतात तसे द्यायला ते बांधलेले असतात. त्यात कोणी अपवाद म्हणून निघाला तर त्याची शंभर वर्षे भरलीच समजा. जितका वेळ आणि पैसा पार्लमेंट खर्चते तितका वेळ व पैसा जर काही थोड्या चांगल्या माणसांना मिळाला तर लोकांचा उद्धार होईल. हे पार्लमेंट लोकांचे एक खेळणेच आहे आणि हे खेळणे लोकांना फार खर्चात टाकते. हे फक्त माझे स्वत:चे विचार आहेत असे तुम्ही समजू नका. मोठमोठ्या विचारवंत इंग्रजांनी असे विचार मांडले आहेत. एका सभासदाने तर असे म्हटले आहे की पार्लमेंट धार्मिक वृत्तीच्या माणसांच्या लायकीचे राहिलेले नाही. दुसऱ्या एका सभासदाने पार्लमेंट हे मूल (बेबी) आहे असे म्हटले आहे. मूल हे सदोदित मूलच राहिलेले तुम्ही कधी बघितले आहे काय आज सातशे वर्षांनंतर सुद्धा जर पार्लमेंट मूलच राहिले असेल तर ते मोठे होणार केव्हा ?

पार्लमेंटला एक कोणी धनी नाही. त्याचा धनी एक कोणी होऊ शकत नाही. पण माझ्या म्हणण्याचा भावार्थ इतकाच नाही. जेव्हा त्याचा धनी कोणी होतो उदाहरणार्थ पंतप्रधान- तेव्हासुद्धा पार्लमेंटाची चालचलणूक चंचल राहते. जशी दुर्दशा वेश्येची होते तशी पार्लमेंटची होते. पंतप्रधानाला पार्लमेंटची पर्वा नसते. तो आपल्या सत्तेच्या तोऱ्यात असतो. आपल्या पक्षाची जीत कशी होईल इकडेच त्याचे सारखे लक्ष लागलेले असते. पार्लमेंटने योग्य काम करावे हा विचार त्याच्या मनात क्वचितच असतो. आपल्या पक्षाला बळकटी आणण्याकरिता पार्लमेंटकडून नाना कामे तो करवून घेत असल्याची उदाहरणे वाटेल तेवढी सापडतात. या सर्वांचा विचार केला पाहिजे. 

मला काही पंतप्रधानांचा द्वेष नाही. पण अनुभवाने मला असे दिसून आले आहे की त्यांना खरे देशाभिमानी म्हणता येणार नाही. लौकिक अर्थाने ज्याला आपण लाच म्हणतो ती ते उघडपणे घेत-देत नाहीत म्हणून त्यांना प्रामाणिक म्हणायचे असले तर खुशाल म्हणावे पण त्यांच्याकडे वशिला पोहोचू शकतो. ते इतरांकडून काम करवून घेण्याकरिता पदव्यांची वगैरे लाच पुष्कळ देतात. शुद्ध भाव आणि शुद्ध प्रामाणिकपणा त्यांच्यात नसतो ,असे मी छातीठोकपणे म्हणू शकतो. '

याच प्रकरणात गांधींनी पुढे जनतेचे प्रबोधन करणाऱ्या वृत्तपत्रांचीही चर्चा केली आहे. या 
प्रकरणाचा शेवट करताना त्यांनी एक इशारा दिला आहे. ते म्हणतात- जर हिंदुस्तान इंग्रज लोकांची नक्कल करू लागेल तर त्याचा सर्वनाश होईल अशी माझी पूर्ण खात्री आहे. या साऱ्या चर्चेचा समारोप करताना त्यांनी निष्कर्ष काढला आहे की हा सारा यूरोपीय सभ्यतेचा परिणाम आहे. संसदीय व्यवस्था हीदेखील या सभ्यतेचीच देणगी आहे. ही सभ्यता नुकसानकारकच आहे असे मत गांधीजींनी त्या वेळी तरी ठामपणे मांडलेले दिसते. 

भारतात संसदीय व्यवस्था अस्तित्वात येण्यापूर्वी सुमारे ४१ वर्षे आधी गांधीजींनी ही मते मांडली आहेत आणि भारतातील संसदीय व्यवस्थेला ६६ वर्षे पूर्ण झाल्यानंतरही त्यातील कानामात्राही बदलावा असे आपल्याला वाटू नये इतके विलक्षण द्रष्टेपण गांधीजींच्या या विश्लेषणात पाहायला मिळते. गांधीजींनी इंग्लंडमध्ये राहूनच बारिस्टर पदवी प्राप्त केली होती. कायदा राजकीय व्यवस्था निवडणुका समाजजीवन वृत्तपत्रे वगैरेची त्यांना पूर्ण माहिती व जाणीव होती आणि तरीही त्यांनी ही परखड मते मांडली होती. आजचे राजकारण ,राजकीय व्यवस्था राजकीय पक्ष संसद आणि समाजाची स्थिती पाहताना व त्यावर विचार करताना गांधी दीपस्तंभासारखे उभे राहतात आणि साकल्याने विचार करणारी भविष्यवेधी प्रज्ञा समाज पूर्णपणे गमावून बसला आहे का असा प्रश्न उपस्थित करून जातात.

Symbolism and Spiritual meaning in the Divine birth of Ganesha!

As explained by Sri Sri Ravishankar.

We are all familiar with the story on how Ganesha became the elephant-headed God. Shiva and Parvati had been celebrating and Parvati becomes dirty. When she realizes this, she removes the dirt from her body, creates a boy out of it and asks him to keep guard while she bathed. When Shiva returned, the boy could not recognize him and obstructed his passage. So Shiva chopped off the boy’s head and entered. Parvati was shocked. She explained that the boy was their son and pleaded with Shiva to save him at all costs. Shiva then instructed his helpers to go and get the head of someone who was sleeping with the head pointing to the north. The helpers then got the head of an elephant, which Shiva affixed to the boy’s torso and Ganesha was born!

Does this story sound strange? Why should Parvati have dirt on her body? Didn’t the all-knowing Shiva recognise His own son? Was Shiva, the epitome of peace, so short-tempered that he cut off the head of his own son? And why an elephant head on Ganesha? There is a deeper meaning to all these.

Parvati is symbolic of festive energy. Her becoming dirty signifies that celebration can easily become Rajasik or feverish and can take you away from your center. Dirt is symbolic of ignorance and Shiva is symbolic of the Supreme Innocence, Peace and Knowledge. So when Ganesha obstructs the path of Shiva, this means that ignorance, which is an attribute of the head, does not recognize knowledge. Then knowledge has to overcome ignorance. This is the symbolism behind Shiva chopping off the boy’s head.

And why the elephant head? Elephant represents both gyan shakti and karma shakti. The principle qualities of the elephant are wisdom and effortlessness. The enormous head of the elephant signifies Wisdom and Knowledge. Elephants don't walk around obstacles, neither do they stop at them. They just remove them and keep walking straight on – signifying effortlessness. So, when we worship Lord Ganesha these elephant qualities within us are kindled and we take on these qualities.

Ganesha's big belly represents generosity and total acceptance. Ganesha’s upraised hand, depicting protection, means, “Fear not - I am with you,” and his lowered hand, palm facing outwards means - unending giving as well as an invitation to bow down – symbolic of the fact that we will all dissolve into earth one day. Ganesha also has a single tusk which signifies one-pointedness. Even the implements Ganesha wields are symbolic. He carries in his hands, the ‘Ankusa’ (signifies awakening) and the ‘Paasa’ (signifies control). With awakening, a lot of energy is released, which without proper control, can go haywire.

And why does Ganesha, the elephant-headed God travel on something as small as a mouse? Isn’t that so incongruous? Again there is symbolism that runs deeps. The mouse snips and nibbles away at ropes that bind. The mouse, which gradually nibbles away, is like the mantra which can cut through sheaths and sheaths of ignorance, leading to the ultimate knowledge represented by Ganesha.

Our ancient Rishis were so deeply intelligent that they chose to express Divinity in terms of symbols rather than words, since words change over time, but symbols remain unchanged. Let us keep these deep symbolisms in mind as we experience the omnipresent in the form of the elephant God, yet be fully aware that Ganesha is very much within us. This is the wisdom we should carry as we celebrate Ganesh Chaturti.

Sri Sri Ravi Shankar

Happy Ganesh Chaturthi...
DNA, 24th January, 2010

H.H. Sri Sri Ravi Shankar


One should be content with the qualities he or she is bestowed with in the journey of life

In a state of ignorance, imperfection is natural and perfection is an effort. In a state of wisdom or enlightenment, imperfection is an effort; perfection is a compulsion and is unavoidable! Perfection is the very nature of the enlightened one.

Perfection is, taking total responsibility. And total responsibility means working as if you are the only responsible person in the whole world. When you work this way and when you are in total vairagya (dispassion), you can take care of even the most trivial and insignificant things with great perfection.

In this perfect world, why is man so imperfect? It is so that he can become more perfect. Recognition of imperfection leads you to more perfection. This is a very delicate point. Usually when you recognise imperfection you may just sulk and brood over it - "Oh, I am imperfect." I would say recognise the imperfection but dont condemn or condone it; rather overcome it by focusing on the perfection around. It is important to become Anasuya (devoid of fault-finding eyes) otherwise you cannot blossom.

There are three kinds of perfection: Perfection in action/work, perfection in speech and perfection in feelings (intention). Some people are very good in their actions but inside they feel very grumpy and angry. Some people tell lies, so their speech is not perfect but they do their jobs with the right intention. For instance, a doctor may tell a patient, dont worry, your disease will be cured, but that may not be true. Here, the intention behind lying is perfect. But if someone lies intentionally, then the feeling is imperfect, the speech is imperfect and the action will also reflect the same.

When someone makes a mistake and you get angry about it, then you are no better than the person who has made the mistake, because there the action was imperfect, but here your feelings have become imperfect. Any action will have some flaw. But when the feeling becomes imperfect the innermost perfection is lost.

There are six Vikaras, imperfections or distortions of nature; lust, anger, greed, entanglement, arrogance and jealousy. The whole creation is made up of nature and distortions of nature. Thats why we call it Prakriti and Vikriti. They are part of this creation but we still call them distortions, because they do not allow the Self to shine forth fully and lead you to sin. Lust is considered a sin because in lust, you treat the other person like an object. Anger or arrogance is a sin because when you are angry, you lose your centre; you lose sight of the Self. Greed and entanglement lead you to possession and obsession.

If you nourish these Vikaras inside, they change from one impurity to another and keep multiplying inside you. Understand that sin is not your nature and you are not born out of sin. Sin is just the wrinkle in the cloth. It needs proper ironing. Sadhana helps you maintain your centeredness and not be shaken by these distortions.

Deep inside, you are a fountain of bliss, a fountain of joy! Be thankful that you have been bestowed with the qualities that you have. When you understand this basic truth then your imperfections diminish and the inner perfection begins to blossom.
A perfect life can be yours.

Source: http://bestofsrisri.blogspot.com/2010/01/perfect-life-can-be-yours.html

Jai Guru Dev!!!

Home remady for Swine flu

It is essential to remember that all kinds of viruses and bacteria can attack you when your immune system is weak, or they can weaken it easily. Hence, building your own defences would be a better, more practical, long-lasting and much more economical idea.

Here are some easy steps you can take to tackle a flu virus of any kind, including swine flu. It is not necessary to follow all the steps at once. You can pick and choose a combination of remedies that suit you best. However, if you are already suffering from flu, these measures can help only up to an extent. And, if you have been infected by H1N1, visiting a hospital and staying in solitary confinement is a must.

1. Have five duly washed leaves of Tulsi (known as Basil in English; medicinal name Ocimum sanctum) everyday in the morning. Tulsi has a large number of therapeutic properties. It keeps throat and lungs clear and helps in infections by way of strengthening your immunity.

2. Giloi (medicinal name Tinospora cordifolia) is a commonly available plant in many areas. Take a one-foot long branch of giloi, add five to six leaves of Tulsi and boil in water for 15-20 minutes or long enough to allow the water to extract its properties. Add black pepper and sendha
(salt used during religious fasts), rock or black salt, or Misri(crystalised sugar like lumps to make it sweet) according to taste. Let it cool a bit and drink this kadha (concoction) while still warm. It will work wonders for your immunity. If giloi plant is not available, get processed giloi powder from Hamdard or others, and concoct a similar drink once a day.

3. A small piece of camphor (kapoor) approximately the size of a tablet should be taken once or twice a month. It can be swallowed with water by adults while children can take it along with mashed potatoes or banana because they will find it difficult to have it without any aides. Please
remember camphor is not to be taken everyday, but only once each season, or once a month.

Note: People with G6PD deficiency ( I am one of them) should not use camphor, its a poison for them. If you feel weak after having camphor, consult your doctor immediately. If you are not sure of your G6PD status, don't take risk.


4. Those who can take garlic, must have two pods of raw garlic first thing in the morning. To be swallowed daily with lukewarm water. Garlic too strengthens immunity like the earlier measures mentioned.

5. Those not allergic to milk, must take a glass of hot or lukewarm milk every night with a small measure of haldi (turmeric).

6. Aloe vera (gwarpatha) too is a commonly available plant. Its thick and long, cactus-like leaves have an odourless gel. A teaspoon gel taken with water daily can work wonders for not only your skin and joint pains, but also boost immunity.

7. Take homeopathic medicines — Pyrogenium 200 and Inflenzium 200 in particular — five tablets three times a day, or two-three drops three times a day. While these are not specifically targeted at H1N1 either, these work well as preventive against common flu virus.

8. Do Pranayam daily (preferably under guidance if you are already not initiated into it) and go for morning jog/walk regularly to keep your throat and lungs in good condition and body in fine fettle. Even in small measures, it will work wonders for your body’s resistance against all such
diseases which attack the nose, throat and lungs, besides keeping you fit.

9. Have citrus fruits, particularly Vitamin C rich Amla (Indian gooseberry) juice. Since fresh Amla is not yet available in the market (not for another three to four months), it is not a bad idea to buy packaged Amla juice which is commonly available nowadays.

10. Last but not the least, wash your hands frequently every day with soap and warm water for 15-20 seconds; especially before meals, or each time after touching a surface that you suspect could be contaminated with flu virus such as a door handle or a knob/handle, especially if you have returned from a public place or used public transport. Alcohol-based hand cleaners should be kept handy at all times and used until you can get soap and warm water.

For point 8 above, you can contact me. For point 9, you can order over telephone on Uniheal Foods. Delivery any where in India. Amla Panchamrut is very good to improve your immunity. All required herbs already included.

Source: Modified version of a forwarded mail

Sixth Sense: the technological way

MIT Media lab project:

'SixthSense' is a wearable gestural interface that augments the physical world around us with digital information and lets us use natural hand gestures to interact with that information.

Dialing a number with dialpad projected on hand:


The device consists of a camera, a projector, and a mobile for communication. Simple hand gestures are recognized and online help is available any time. If you want to take a picture, simple, just make a gesture of taking a picture and its done..



Details:
http://www.pranavmistry.com/projects/sixthsense/

Live demo


Or: Youtube link

Pranav Mistry is IIT Bombay Alumni, M. Des. 2005 batch from IDC IIT Bombay.

Qualifications of a Researcher

Researcher: One who is keen in learning/knowing about some thing that interests him/her.

Having the following qualification, a researcher can accelerate in his/her research. The more you are having these qualities, better will be your research outcome.

  1. Acknowledging that I know very little and there is so much to learn: Acknowledging this fact is the first qualification of a researcher. The moment a researcher develops an "I know everything" attitude, his/her growth diminishes.
  2. Urge to learn more: Many will acknowledge that they know little but will not have an urge to know more. The burning desire to reach the very depth of your problem is absolutely essential in attaining excellence.
  3. Non-judgmental open-hearted attitude towards research: Based on your prior experience, there will be some notions about research, particularly related to your area. You need to step out of the familiar confines of these notions and be open to new ideas, new ways of doing things. This is like looking at a diamond. If you look at it from one side, you will get only one view thereby missing all the other possible dimensions of the same diamond. A non-judgmental and open hearted attitude will open all the perspectives for you.
  4. Giving priority to Truth and Research before your personal comfort and conveniences: Research has to be the priority even preceding your personal comfort. If you are comfortable with yourself then you will do your research of that level only. You will not achieve the highest level of research and hence the satisfaction. If you are resisting discomfort, your process of learning is always hampered. If you have this attitude then you will not be able to see the depth of any thing. Your relationship with discomfort plays a major role. If you are comfortable to be uncomfortable, your learning process is much faster. The discomfort is because of certain weakness within yourself. Suppose you are required to work on a research problem in the subject in which you are weak, then in such a situation 1) You will try to avoid the work; or 2) If you can not avoid it then you will be unhappy/frustrated doing that work. A true researcher has a different perspective. You should take this as an opportunity to learn something new. Once you have mastered the topic, you will be looking for something new to explore.
  5. Complete Commitment to Research Area: Once you have zeroed down on a particular area of research, you must be totally committed to that topic and stop moving around in different areas of research. This is important because as you go deeper and deeper into one particular field of research, your line of thinking develops in a particular way and the moment you change your field, your thinking has to again realign with that new area. If you want to dig a well for water then your need to dig deep at one place and not small pits at many places. The same way you need to focus on your research area rather than just moving around.
  6. Having patience and perseverance: This quality is a key to the success of a researcher. Many a times, what you think will work, will actually not work and you will get dejected, feel low and might even think of giving up. Having patience and perseverance will help you to be on the path till you get to the success.

Apart from knowing the qualities of a researcher, it is also interesting to know why people turn away from research. The three reasons that puts people off from research are:

  1. Confidence in their own inabilities: People are so much confident about their inabilities that they do not even think of research as an option. They are not aware what they can do and hence are not even thinking of research. A saying in this regard goes very well here: If you know what you can do then you will progress. If you don't know what you can do then you will progress by leaps and bounds.
  2. Fear of failure & What will people think about me: This is another reason for people turning away from research. Their insecurity regarding the research outcome compels them not to go for it.
  3. Lower level of energy: A person with lower enthusiasm toward study will take research as burden and will not opt for it as a career option.

Make research your journey and not just your goal


PS: The article is an adaptation of an article on “Signs of a seeker” by H. H. Sri Sri Ravi Shankar in Celebrating Silence and a discourse by Rishi Nityapragya, Art of Living advanced course teacher on “Qualifications of a seeker”. A seeker in this context, is a person who is interested in knowing more about Self.

PPS: Thanks to all those who helped me fine tune this article.